Many people have seen their little
faces in the cages at pet stores; their squirrel like bodies, bottle brush
tail, long whiskers, and seemingly-too big for their body-ears running around
the cage. Children run up to the cage and most adults are attracted too. Then
they are turned off by the little knowledge available and the sometimes hefty
price tag attached to the little critters. These mysterious little rodents are
Chinchillas. They are related to domesticated guinea pigs and the large wild Capybara, but their exact evolutionary link still eludes scientists.
In the wild chinchilla’s would have
roamed the Andes Mountain Range.They live in desert-like areas that receive very little
rainfall and have very little vegetation. Chinchillas live in colonies of 20 to
100 members, usually with familial ties to each other. Their gestation period
is approximately 111 days, with one or two young born with eyes open and fully
furred, unlike other rodents who are born with eyes closed and no fur. These
new arrivals would become part of a colony of 20 to 100 members, their nests
made in the crevices of rocks and burrows in larger plants.
These wild colonies were situated
on the western side of the Andes Mountain Range in South America. Wild
Chinchilla populations were found in what is now Argentina, Peru, and Bolivia.
Most of the colonies were on the northern-facing slopes. The area is
desert-like with very little rain fall and vegetation. Perhaps this is why
modern day Chinchilla’s like to search and scrounge for food. Their ancestors
would have had to find food where other animals couldn’t survive. They receive
most of their water from the dew left from the early morning on plants and
rocks. Their body is able to function off of that and the moisture found in the
plants they choose to eat.
The name Chinchilla derives from
the Chincha tribe. These people would use the Chinchilla for food, clothing,
blankets and pets. After the Chinchas were conquered they were forbidden to
wear Chinchilla furs and only the Inca royalty who had ruled them wore the
furs. The incoming Spanish found the little critters and started bringing the
luxurious furs to Spain. This was the start of the Atlantic fur trade; which
paved the way for explorers later on in history bringing the tiny creatures into
the United States.